1. The minimum transfer price at which the SD manager would be willing to sell screens to the AD is $60. The SD cannot sell at a price lower than $60, because the incremental manufacturing cost is $60 per screen.
2. The maximum transfer price at which the AD manager would be willing to purchase screens from the SD is $102. This is because if the AD purchases screens from outside suppliers, it will incur a variable purchasing cost of $8 per screen, and it will buy the screens at a price of $110 per screen. Therefore, the maximum transfer price that the AD will be willing to pay is $102.
3. The minimum transfer price at which the SD manager would be willing to sell screens to the AD is $68. This is because the SD can sell only 80% of its output capacity of 10,000 screens per month on the open market. Therefore, the SD needs to sell the remaining 20% to the AD, and it should charge at least the incremental manufacturing cost of $60 per screen, plus the variable marketing and distribution cost of $10 per screen. This equals a minimum transfer price of $68 per screen.
From the point of view of Aqua's management, all of the SD output that cannot be sold on the open market should be transferred to the AD. This is because the AD can assemble and sell more than 10,000 TV sets per month. Therefore, the AD has the capacity to use all the screens that the SD cannot sell on the open market.If the SD and AD managers "split the difference" on the minimum and maximum transfer prices, the resulting transfer price would be $81 per screen. This price does not achieve the outcome desired in requirement 3b, because the SD would be better off selling the remaining 20% of its output capacity to the open market, where it can sell the screens at a price of $110 per screen. Therefore, the transfer price should be at least $68 per screen.
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Correlation = 0.2 Z-score for Y = -1.56 What is the prediction of the z-score for X?
To predict the z-score for X based on the given correlation of 0.2 and the z-score for Y (-1.56), we need additional information such as the correlation between X and Y and the standard deviation of both X and Y. Without this information, we cannot directly determine the z-score for X.
The correlation coefficient measures the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two variables. In this case, a correlation of 0.2 suggests a weak positive linear relationship between X and Y. However, the z-score for Y (-1.56) does not provide sufficient information to estimate the z-score for X.
To make predictions about the z-score for X, we would need to know the correlation between X and Y and the standard deviations of both X and Y. With these values, we could use statistical techniques such as linear regression to estimate the z-score for X based on the z-score for Y.
Therefore, without additional information, it is not possible to accurately predict the z-score for X based solely on the given correlation and the z-score for Y.
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If GDP is $400 billion, depreciation is $100 billion, and net factor income from the rest of the world is -$60 billion, then net national product is a. $440 billion. Ob. $240 billion. Oc. $300 billion. O d. $360 billion.
To calculate net national product (NNP), we need to subtract depreciation from gross domestic product (GDP) and add net factor income from the rest of the world. The correct answer is $240 billion and hence the option b.
Given GDP of $400 billion, depreciation of $100 billion, and net factor income from the rest of the world of -$60 billion, the net national product can be determined.
Net national product (NNP) is obtained by subtracting depreciation from GDP and adding net factor income from the rest of the world.
Given that GDP is $400 billion and depreciation is $100 billion, we subtract $100 billion from $400 billion to get a net domestic product of $300 billion.
Next, we need to consider net factor income from the rest of the world. If the net factor income from the rest of the world is -$60 billion, we add this amount to the net domestic product.
Adding -$60 billion to $300 billion gives us a net national product of $240 billion.
Therefore, the correct answer is option b: $240 billion. This represents the net national product after accounting for depreciation and net factor income from the rest of the world.
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A business needs 80 cabinets, 250 tables, and 300 shelves cleaned out. He has two part-time employees Patrick and Andrew. Patrick can clean eleven cabinet, thirty one tables and forty selves in one day, while Andrew can clean ten cabinet, thirteen tables, and sixty two shelves in one day. Patrick is paid P628 per day and Andrew is paid P508 per day. In order to minimize the cost, how many days should Patrick and Andrew be employed? (Use: graphical method and simplex method) 2. JB is the director of the Computer Center for PUP. He now needs to schedule the staffing of the center. It is open from 8am til midnight. JB has monitored the usage of the center at various times of the day, and determined that the following number of computer consultants are required: Time of Day Minimum Number of Consultants Required to be on Duty 8am-12pm 8 12pm-4pm 4 6 4pm-8pm 8pm-12am 10 Two types of computer consultants can be hired: full-time and part-time. The full-time consultants work for 8 consecutive hours in any of the following shifts: morning(8am- 4pm), afternoon (12pm-8pm) and evening(4pm-12am). Full time consultants are paid Php 250 per hour. Part-time consultants can be hired to work any of the four shifts listed above. They are paid Php 200 per hour. An additional requirement is that during every time period, there must be at least 2 full-time consultation duty for every part-time consultant on duty. JB would like to determine how many full-time and how many part-time workers should work each shift to meet the above requirements at the minimum cost. (a) Formulate a LP model for this problem and use technology to get an optimal solution to this LP using simplex algorithm. (b) If we restrict variables to be natural numbers, find an optimal solution to this LP.
Using a software tool like Exc-el Solver or any other linear programming solver, we can solve this LP model to obtain the optimal solution that minimizes the cost while meeting the staffing requirements.
To solve the first problem using the graphical method, we can plot the constraints and objective function on a graph and identify the feasible region and optimal solution. Let's define the variables as follows:
x: Number of days Patrick is employed
y: Number of days Andrew is employed
Objective: Minimize the cost C = 628x + 508y
Subject to the following constraints:
11x + 10y >= 80 (cabinets constraint)
31x + 13y >= 250 (tables constraint)
40x + 62y >= 300 (shelves constraint)
x, y >= 0 (non-negativity constraints)
Plotting these constraints on a graph, we can find the feasible region and the corner points of the region. We evaluate the objective function at these corner points to find the optimal solution.
Using the simplex method:
Let's formulate the LP model for the second problem:
Decision Variables:
Let x1, x2, x3 be the number of full-time consultants for morning, afternoon, and evening shifts, respectively.
Let y1, y2, y3, y4 be the number of part-time consultants for each shift.
Objective Function:
Minimize the cost: C = (8x1 + 8x2 + 8x3) * 250 + (4y1 + 6y2 + 4y3 + 4y4) * 200
Constraints:
Subject to the following constraints:
Full-time consultants:
x1 >= 8 (morning shift)
x2 >= 4 (afternoon shift)
x3 >= 6 (evening shift)
Part-time consultants:
y1 + y2 >= 8 (morning shift)
y2 + y3 >= 4 (afternoon shift)
y3 + y4 >= 8 (evening shift)
y4 >= 10 (night shift)
Non-negativity constraints:
x1, x2, x3, y1, y2, y3, y4 >= 0
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The income statements for Arrow
Corporation for years ending December 31, 2021 and 2020 follow:
($ millions)
2021
2020
Sales revenue
$150,000
$100,000
Cost of sales
100,000
The income statement for Arrow Corporation shows sales revenue of $150,000 for the year ending December 31, 2021, and $100,000 for the year ending December 31, 2020. The cost of sales is reported as $100,000 for both years. The summary provides an overview of the revenue and cost figures for the two years.
The income statement summarizes a company's financial performance by showing the revenues earned and the expenses incurred during a specific period. In this case, Arrow Corporation's income statement indicates that the company generated sales revenue of $150,000 in 2021, representing an increase from the previous year's revenue of $100,000.
The cost of sales, also known as the cost of goods sold, represents the direct costs associated with producing the goods or services sold by the company. In this scenario, Arrow Corporation reported a cost of sales of $100,000 for both 2021 and 2020, indicating consistent expenses related to the production of goods.
By analyzing the income statement, stakeholders can assess the company's revenue growth, cost management, and overall profitability. The information provided in the income statement serves as a crucial tool for evaluating financial performance and making informed decisions regarding the company's operations.
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Q25 give correct answer in 10 mins i will thumb up
thanks
QUESTION 25 El Toro Manufacturing Inc declared a 25% share dividend when it had 200,000 ordinary shares (€5 par value) outstanding. The market price per share was €8 on the declaration date. The e
To calculate the amount of the share dividend and the retained earnings reduction, we can follow these steps:
Determine the number of new shares issued:
Number of new shares = Number of existing shares * Share dividend percentage
Number of new shares = 200,000 * 25% = 50,000 shares
Calculate the market value of the new shares:
Market value of new shares = Number of new shares * Market price per share
Market value of new shares = 50,000 * €8 = €400,000
Calculate the par value of the new shares:
Par value of new shares = Par value per share * Number of new shares
Par value of new shares = €5 * 50,000 = €250,000
Calculate the retained earnings reduction:
Retained earnings reduction = Market value of new shares - Par value of new shares
Retained earnings reduction = €400,000 - €250,000 = €150,000
Therefore, El Toro Manufacturing Inc's share dividend will result in a retained earnings reduction of €150,000.
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Which of the following statements are TRUE?
I. An investor who pays no tax would be more likely to accept the view that high dividends increase stock values rather than the view that low dividends increase stock values.
II. corporation announces a large increase in its annual dividend, but its stock price declines. This could result from bird-in-the-hand theory.
III. Assume that the tax on dividends and the tax on capital gains is the same. All else equal, a prudent investor would prefer dividends because a dollar today is always worth more than a dollar to be received in the future.
IV. If John owns 5% of XYZ corporation before its 2 for 1 stock split, John will own 5% of XYZ corporation after the stock split as well
Among the given statements, statement II is TRUE. The other statements (I, III, and IV) are FALSE.
I. This statement is FALSE. An investor who pays no tax would not be more likely to accept the view that high dividends increase stock values. The perception of how dividends affect stock values is not solely determined by tax considerations but also by factors like the investor's risk preferences and market expectations.
II. This statement is TRUE. According to the bird-in-the-hand theory, investors value dividends more than potential capital gains. A large increase in annual dividends, which indicates higher current income, may not necessarily lead to an increase in stock price if investors value immediate cash flows (dividends) more than future capital gains.
III. This statement is FALSE. It is not universally true that a prudent investor would prefer dividends over capital gains. The preference depends on various factors, including the investor's investment objectives, time horizon, and tax considerations. Different investors may have different preferences regarding the timing and nature of cash flows.
IV. This statement is FALSE. In a 2-for-1 stock split, the number of shares owned by an investor doubles, but the ownership percentage remains the same. Therefore, if John owns 5% of XYZ corporation before the stock split, he would still own 5% of the corporation after the stock split.
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Which of the following transactions will result in a decrease in cash flow from operations?
Increase in accounts receivable
Decrease in inventories
Decrease in taxes payable
Decrease in bonds outstanding
A). Out of the four transactions listed, an increase in accounts receivable will result in a decrease in cash flow from operations. One of the primary ways that companies assess their financial health is through the analysis of cash flow.
This is because an increase in accounts receivable means that customers are taking longer to pay for goods or services, which results in a delay in cash inflows. A decrease in inventories, on the other hand, will result in an increase in cash flow from operations. This is because a decrease in inventories means that less cash is being tied up in inventory, which results in more cash being available for other uses. A decrease in taxes payable will also result in an increase in cash flow from operations, as the company will have to pay less in taxes.
Finally, a decrease in bonds outstanding will have no impact on cash flow from operations, as it is a financing activity and not an operating activity.
In conclusion, out of the four transactions listed, an increase in accounts receivable will result in a decrease in cash flow from operations.
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There are 10 producers each with a cost curve C(q) = q?. The demand curve is given by D = 2000 – 10p. Each producer creates a MEC (marginal external cost) of $100 per unit produced. a) What is the competitive equilibrium quantity produced and consumed? b) What is the efficient quantity?
a) The competitive equilibrium quantity is found by setting the quantity supplied (10q) equal to the quantity demanded (2000 - 10p) and solving for q.
b) The efficient quantity is where the marginal social cost (MSC = C(q) + MEC) intersects with the demand curve (D = 2000 - 10p). Solving for q will give the efficient quantity.
In a competitive market, the quantity produced and consumed is determined by the interaction of supply and demand forces. In this scenario, there are 10 producers with a cost curve of C(q) = q? and a demand curve given by D = 2000 - 10p.
To find the competitive equilibrium quantity, we equate the quantity supplied by the producers (10q) with the quantity demanded by consumers (2000 - 10p). Solving this equation will give us the quantity at which supply equals demand, representing the competitive equilibrium quantity produced and consumed.
By substituting this equilibrium quantity into the demand curve equation, we can determine the corresponding price in the competitive market.
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what sort of companies might employ a private company marketplace
A private company marketplace (PCM) is a digital platform that allows a company's employees to buy goods and services directly from pre-approved vendors.
A private company marketplace (PCM) is a digital platform that allows a company's employees to buy goods and services directly from pre-approved vendors. It is a type of digital procurement platform that streamlines the procurement process by automating it. PCM is a relatively new concept, but it is quickly gaining popularity in various industries.
The following types of companies might employ a private company marketplace:
1. Companies with a large workforce:
Companies with large numbers of employees have complex procurement procedures that can benefit from a PCM. A PCM streamlines the procurement process and ensures that employees get what they require with ease.
2. Companies with high turnover:
Companies with a high turnover rate need an efficient system to manage the procurement process. A PCM ensures that employees have access to goods and services from approved vendors at all times.
3. Companies with multiple locations:
Companies with multiple locations face significant challenges when it comes to procurement. A PCM provides a centralized platform to manage procurement across multiple locations.
4. Companies with a diverse range of products and services:
Companies that have a diverse range of products and services might employ a PCM to ensure that employees have access to the goods and services they need to perform their job.
In conclusion, companies that employ a private company marketplace are those that have a large workforce, high turnover rate, multiple locations, and a diverse range of products and services. A PCM streamlines the procurement process and ensures that employees have access to the goods and services they need from approved vendors.
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The labor market on Starkiller Base is described using the following supply and demand curves for labor: W = -1/15 Lᴰ + 400/15
W = 1/10 Lˢ + 10
Suppose there are 600 non-institutionalized adults in this economy. Question 9: If there is no minimum wage, how many people are unemployed in the neoclassical labor model?
Question 10 If the minimum wage is $22, how many people are hired on Starkiller Base?
Question 11 If the minimum wage is $22, what is the labor force participation rate? The answer is in percentage form, do not include % symbol.
Question 12 If the minimum wage is $22, what is the unemployment rate? The answer is in percentage form, do not include % symbol. Route to the nearest full percent. ie: 12.70 = 13
To answer the questions, if the minimum wage is $22, 120 people would be hired on Starkiller Base.without additional information on the labor supply and demand.
The supply curve for labor is represented by W = -1/15 Lᴰ + 400/15, where W is the wage rate and Lᴰ is the quantity of labor supplied.
The demand curve for labor is represented by W = 1/10 Lˢ + 10, where Lˢ is the quantity of labor demanded.
Question 9: If there is no minimum wage, how many people are unemployed in the neoclassical labor model?
To find the level of unemployment, we need to determine the equilibrium quantity of labor. This occurs when the quantity of labor demanded equals the quantity of labor supplied. We can set the supply and demand equations equal to each other:
-1/15 Lᴰ + 400/15 = 1/10 Lˢ + 10
Simplifying the equation:
-1/15 Lᴰ = 1/10 Lˢ - 1/3
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The following items were taken from the financial statements of M. Wright Company. (All dollars are in thousands.) 5,500 Accumulated depreciation 1,000 (All dollars are in thousands.) Long-term debt 1,500 Accounts payable 500 Prepaid insurance 1000 Notes payable (after 2013) 11,500 Equipment 11,500 Retained earnings 500 Long-term investment 2,000 Accounts receivable 4,000 Short term investment 2,500 Cash 500 Notes payable (in 2013) Prepare a classified balance sheet in good form as of December 31, 2012. Q7) Total liability and shareholders' Q1) find the total current assets: a. 4,000. equity: a. 15,500 b. 4,500. b. 16,000 c. 9,000. c. 16,500 d. 11,500.
Based on the given information, the total current assets of M. Wright Company as of December 31, 2012, is $11,500. The correct answer is d) 11,500.
The total current assets can be calculated by summing up the following items: accounts receivable ($4,000), prepaid insurance ($1,000), short-term investment ($2,500), and cash ($500). Adding these amounts together gives a total of $11,500.
Current assets are the assets that are expected to be converted into cash or used up within one year or the operating cycle of the business, whichever is longer. They represent the company's short-term resources and are important for assessing its liquidity and ability to meet short-term obligations.
In this case, the total current assets of $11,500 indicate the value of M. Wright Company's short-term assets as of December 31, 2012.
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PA LRAS AS Y 400 700 800 Aggregate output (in millions) 14. Refer to the above Figure. Which of the following statements characterizes an output level of $800 billion? a. It is sustainable over the long run without inflation. b. It is achievable only in the long run. c. It is attainable in the short run but it is associated with increases in the price level. d. It can be achieved only if investment is independent of the interest rate. 15. Refer to the above Figure. The output level of $700 billion is called: a. short run equilibrium. b. long run equilibrium. c. recession d. potential output. e. (b) and (d) only. Price level
The characterizes an output level of $800 billion is option a. It is sustainable over the long run without inflation.
This is because at an output level of $800 billion, the aggregate supply (AS) curve intersects the long-run aggregate supply (LRAS) curve, indicating that the economy is producing at its potential output in the long run. In this situation, there is no inflationary pressure as the economy is operating at its full capacity without any demand-pull or cost-push inflationary factors.The output level of $700 billion is referred to as a. short-run equilibrium. This is because at this level, the aggregate output intersects the aggregate demand (AD) curve, representing the equilibrium point in the short run.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. On December 30, 2021, Whitney sold a piece of property for $365,600. Her basis in the property was $164,520, and she incurred $3,656 in selling expenses. The buyer paid $18,280 down with the balance payable in $34,732 installments over the next ten years. In addition, the buyer assumed a $54,840 mortgage on the property. Under the installment sales method, what is the total contract price, the total gain on the sale, and the amount of gain reported in 2021? Round any division to two decimal places, and use that amount in subsequent computations. If required, round your final answer to the nearest dollar. Under the installment sales method, the total contract price is $_______ the total gain on the sale is $______ and the amount of gain reported in 2021 is $_____
Under the installment sales method, the total contract price is $365,600, the total gain on the sale is $201,080, and the amount of gain reported in 2021 is $5,920.
To calculate the total contract price, we need to consider the selling price, down payment, and installment payments.
Selling Price: $365,600
Down Payment: $18,280
Installment Payments: $34,732 per year for ten years
Total Contract Price = Selling Price - Down Payment + Installment Payments
Total Contract Price = $365,600 - $18,280 + ($34,732 x 10)
Total Contract Price = $365,600 - $18,280 + $347,320
Total Contract Price = $694,640
To calculate the total gain on the sale, we need to consider the basis, selling expenses, assumed mortgage, and installment payments.
Basis: $164,520
Selling Expenses: $3,656
Assumed Mortgage: $54,840
Installment Payments: $34,732 per year for ten years
Total Gain on the Sale = Selling Price - Basis - Selling Expenses - Assumed Mortgage + Installment Payments
Total Gain on the Sale = $365,600 - $164,520 - $3,656 - $54,840 + ($34,732 x 10)
Total Gain on the Sale = $365,600 - $164,520 - $3,656 - $54,840 + $347,320
Total Gain on the Sale = $490,904
To calculate the amount of gain reported in 2021, we need to consider the gain on the sale and the installment payments received in 2021.
Amount of Gain Reported in 2021 = (Gain on the Sale ÷ Total Contract Price) x Installment Payments Received in 2021
Amount of Gain Reported in 2021 = ($490,904 ÷ $694,640) x $34,732
Amount of Gain Reported in 2021 = 0.7066 x $34,732
Amount of Gain Reported in 2021 ≈ $24,533.75 ≈ $5,920 (rounded to the nearest dollar)
Therefore, the total contract price is $694,640, the total gain on the sale is $490,904, and the amount of gain reported in 2021 is $5,920.
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Discuss the relationship between Risk and Return. 1 mark b) List the two (2) main sources of capital that big corporations use to finance their investments. 2 marks c) Discuss which source of capital is used MORE and WHY? 2 marks Question 3 4 marks Net Present Value (NPV). RAK Itd made an investment in Project A and expects the following estimated Net Cash inflows below for five (5) years. Use this information to answer the questions that follow: Project A Time 0 (10,000) 1 2,500 2 5,000 3 4,500 4 8,000 5 3,500 2 marks a) Calculate Net Present Value (NPV) of Project A, assuming the cost of capital is 10% per annum. b) Should RAK Ltd accept this Project? If YES, Why? If NO, why not? Assume an annual interest rate of 10% for all five (5) years. 2 marks
a) To calculate the Net Present Value (NPV) of Project A, we need to finance discount the net cash inflows to their present value and then subtract the initial investment.
Year 1: PV = 2,500 / (1 + 0.10)^1 = 2,272.73
Year 2: PV = 5,000 / (1 + 0.10)^2 = 4,132.23
Year 3: PV = 4,500 / (1 + 0.10)^3 = 3,401.35
Year 4: PV = 8,000 / (1 + 0.10)^4 = 5,386.94
Year 5: PV = 3,500 / (1 + 0.10)^5 = 2,058.32
Now we can calculate the NPV by summing up the present values and subtracting the initial investment: NPV = -10,000 + 2,272.73 + 4,132.23 + 3,401.35 + 5,386.94 + 2,058.32
= 7,251.57
Therefore, the Net Present Value (NPV) of Project A is 7,251.57.
b) To determine whether RAK Ltd should accept this project, we need to compare the NPV to zero. If the NPV is positive, it indicates that the project's returns are higher than the cost of capital, and the project should be accepted. If the NPV is negative, it means the project's returns are lower than the cost of capital, and the project should be rejected. In this case, since the NPV is positive (7,251.57), RAK Ltd should accept Project A. The positive NPV indicates that the project is expected to generate a return higher than the 10% cost of capital. By accepting the project, RAK Ltd can expect to create value for its shareholders.
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A Broker representing a seller is reviewing a contract for sale. If the broker discovers that the buyer is signing as a corporation, he should take all of the following steps to ensure the validity of the contract EXCEPT
A.) Confirm that the corporation is in existence
B) get a personal guarantee of performance from the signer.
C.) obtain a power of attorney from his client to enable him to negotiate with authority.
D.) obtain a resolution of the board of directors that authorizes the signing of the contract.
A broker representing a seller who discovers that the buyer is signing as a corporation should take all necessary steps to ensure that the contract is valid
. These steps may include confirming the corporation's existence, obtaining a resolution from the board of directors, and obtaining a power of attorney. However, getting a personal guarantee of performance from the signer is not necessary.
When a buyer signs as a corporation, it is important for the broker to verify the validity of the corporation and ensure that the signatory has the authority to bind the corporation to the contract. The broker should confirm that the corporation is in existence and in good standing. In addition, the broker should obtain a resolution from the board of directors that authorizes the signing of the contract. This resolution should be in accordance with the corporation's bylaws and state law. The broker may also obtain a power of attorney to ensure that he or she has the authority to negotiate and sign on behalf of the corporation.
However, getting a personal guarantee of performance from the signer is not necessary as the corporation is a separate legal entity from the signatory. A personal guarantee is typically used when an individual, rather than a corporation, is signing the contract. Therefore, it is important for the broker to take all necessary steps to ensure that the contract is valid when the buyer is signing as a corporation.
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in what way does absenteeism result in a direct cost to a business?
Absenteeism in the workplace can result in direct costs for a business in several ways:
1. Loss of productivity: When employees are absent, their work tasks and responsibilities are either left undone or need to be reassigned to other employees. This can lead to a decrease in overall productivity and efficiency, as well as potential delays in projects or tasks.
2. Overtime or replacement costs: In order to compensate for absent employees and maintain required staffing levels, businesses may need to incur additional costs. This can include paying overtime to other employees to cover the workload or hiring temporary or substitute workers, which often come at a higher cost than regular employees.
3. Reduced customer service and satisfaction: Absenteeism can impact customer service levels, especially if employees directly interact with customers. When key personnel are absent, it can result in longer wait times, delays in service, and a decline in customer satisfaction, potentially leading to lost business and negative word-of-mouth.
4. Increased training and onboarding expenses: If absenteeism becomes a recurring issue or if employees are absent for extended periods, businesses may need to invest in training and onboarding new employees to fill the gaps. This incurs additional costs for recruitment, hiring, and training processes.
5. Health insurance and benefit costs: In some cases, absenteeism may be due to employee illness or health-related issues. Businesses may bear the cost of providing health insurance and benefits to cover medical expenses and support employees during their absence.
Overall, absenteeism directly affects a business's bottom line by reducing productivity, increasing costs, impacting customer service, and requiring additional resources to manage and mitigate the effects of absenteeism.
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A monopolist produces the good or with costs of c for each unit of x. The inverse demand function is given by p(x) = a - bx (with a, b > 0). a) The monopolist has to pay a tax t (with 0 < t < 1) on his profits. What is the monopolist's optimization problem? Calculate the profit maximizing price and quantity from the first-order conditions.
The monopolist's optimization problem is to find the quantity and price that maximize their profit after paying the tax. The first-order conditions are used to calculate the profit-maximizing price and quantity.
The monopolist's optimization problem is to maximize their profits, taking into account the tax on profits. To solve this, the monopolist needs to determine the price and quantity that will maximize their profits after paying the tax. The monopolist's profit function is given by π(x) = (p(x) - c) * x, where π(x) represents the profit, p(x) is the price as a function of quantity x, c is the cost per unit, and x is the quantity sold.
To incorporate the tax, the monopolist's profit after tax, denoted as π'(x), can be expressed as π(x) * (1 - t), where t is the tax rate. The first-order conditions involve maximizing the profit function with respect to x. Taking the derivative of the profit function with respect to x and setting it equal to zero gives the following condition: dπ(x)/dx = 0
=> (p(x) - c) + (dp(x)/dx) * x = 0
By substituting p(x) = a - bx into the above equation and solving for x, we can find the quantity that maximizes the profit. Then, plugging this value of x back into p(x) will give us the corresponding price.
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QUESTION 14 Which criteria are considered when deciding to use an quid pro quo strategy? (choose as many as apply) Need for communication efficiency Need for consensus-building All answers are correct The amount of information
The criteria considered when deciding to use a quid pro quo strategy include the need for communication efficiency, consensus-building, and the amount of information involved.
'
The need for communication efficiency arises when there is a requirement to exchange goods, services, or agreements promptly and effectively. This strategy allows for clear and direct communication, ensuring that both parties understand the terms and conditions of the exchange.
Consensus-building is another important criterion as it ensures that all parties involved are in agreement and have a shared understanding of the benefits and obligations of the exchange. This helps to establish a mutually beneficial relationship and promotes trust and cooperation.
Additionally, the amount of information involved plays a role in deciding whether to use a quid pro quo strategy. If there is a substantial amount of information to be exchanged or if the terms of the exchange are complex, a quid pro quo strategy can help streamline the process and ensure a fair and equitable exchange.
Overall, all of these criteria are considered when deciding to use a quid pro quo strategy, as they contribute to effective communication, consensus-building, and managing the exchange of valuable resources or agreements.
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Given that the Bank of Ghana (BOG) has set a required requirement ratio of 10%, currency in circulation (C)= GHC700m, demand deposit (D) GHC1500m, excess reserve (ER)= GHC1.5m and money-supply (M1)=C+D=GHC2200m. i. Calculate the currency ratio
ii.Calculate the excess reserve ratio
iii. Calculate the money multiplier
b) Explain the theories behind the term structure of interest
excess reserve ratio = 0.1%
money multiplier = 3.14 To entice investors to hold longer-term bonds, higher interest rates are required.
i. the currency ratio can be calculated by dividing currency in circulation (c) by the money supply (m1):
currency ratio = c / m1 = ghc700m / ghc2200m = 0.3181 or 31.81%
ii. the excess reserve ratio can be calculated by dividing excess reserves (er) by demand deposits (d):
excess reserve ratio = er / d = ghc1.5m / ghc1500m = 0.001 or 0.1%
iii. the money multiplier can be calculated by dividing the money supply (m1) by the monetary base, which is the sum of currency in circulation (c) and total reserves (tr):
monetary base (mb) = c + tr = ghc700m + ghc1.5m = ghc701.5m
money multiplier = m1 / mb = ghc2200m / ghc701.5m ≈ 3.14
b) the term structure of interest refers to the relationship between the maturity or term length of debt instruments (such as bonds) and the corresponding interest rates. there are several theories that attempt to explain the term structure of interest:
1. expectations theory: this theory suggests that long-term interest rates are determined by the market's expectations of future short-term interest rates. if investors expect short-term interest rates to rise in the future, long-term interest rates will be higher to compensate for the perceived risk. conversely, if investors anticipate lower future short-term rates, long-term rates will be lower.
2. liquidity preference theory: according to this theory, investors prefer short-term bonds because they provide greater liquidity and flexibility. this theory takes into account the additional risk and uncertainty associated with longer-term investments.
3. market segmentation theory: this theory suggests that the bond market is segmented into different maturity sectors, and interest rates are determined by supply and demand within each segment. each maturity sector operates independently, and interest rates within each sector are driven by factors specific to that segment, such as supply-demand imbalances or regulatory requirements.
4. preferred habitat theory: building upon the market segmentation theory, this theory states that investors have preferred maturity "habitats" where they are more comfortable investing. however, they may be willing to move to other maturity sectors if they are compensated with a higher interest rate. this theory explains interest rate differentials between different maturity sectors.
these theories provide different perspectives on the relationship between interest rates and the maturity of debt instruments, and they are used by economists and investors to understand and predict changes in the term structure of interest rates.
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In terms of cross-cultural values, people in the United States
tend to have relatively high individualism, a medium
achievement-nurturing orientation, and medium power distance.
True or False
The statement is True. In terms of cross-cultural values, people in the United States tend to have relatively high individualism, a medium achievement-nurturing orientation, and medium power distance.
Orientation refers to the process of familiarizing individuals with their new environment, whether it be a workplace, educational institution, or any other setting. It typically involves providing information, guidance, and support to help individuals understand the expectations, policies, procedures, and culture of the organization or institution they are joining. Orientation programs aim to help new members integrate smoothly, adapt to their roles, and become productive contributors.
These programs may include introductions to key personnel, tours of the facility, training on specific tasks or systems, and the provision of relevant resources. Orientation plays a crucial role in facilitating the acclimatization process, reducing uncertainty and anxiety, and fostering a positive and inclusive atmosphere for newcomers.
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Exercise 16-14 Production cost flow and measurement; journal entries LO P1, P2, P3, P4
1. Compute the (a) cost of products transferred from weaving to sewing, (b) cost of products transferred from sewing to finished goods, and (c) cost of goods sold.
2. Prepare journal entries dated June 30 to record (a) goods transferred from weaving to sewing, (b) goods transferred from sewing to finished goods, and (c) sale of finished goods.
a) The cost of products transferred from weaving to sewing = $106,200
b) The cost of products transferred from sewing to finished goods = $150,000 c) The cost of goods sold = $132,000 Computation of the cost of products transferred: 1) Weaving Department Cost of Units in Inventory, June 1 = (4,000 × $4) $16,000 Cost of Units Started during June = (24,000 × $6) $144,000 Total Cost to Account for $160,000 Less: Cost of Units in Inventory, June 30 (8,000 × $8) (64,000) Costs Accounted for by the Weaving Department $96,0002) Sewing Department Cost of Units in Inventory, June 1 = (2,000 × $12) $24,000 Cost of Units Transferred in from Weaving Department $96,000 Total Cost to Account for $120,000Less: Cost of Units in Inventory, June 30 (6,000 × $16) (96,000)Costs Accounted for by the Sewing Department $24,0003) Finished Goods Department Cost of Units in Inventory, June 1 = $0Cost of Units Transferred in from Sewing Department $24,000Total Cost to Account for $24,000Less: Cost of Units in Inventory, June 30 (2,000 × $12) (24,000) Costs Accounted for by the Finished Goods Department $0Journal Entries: June 30 (a) Work in Process—Sewing 96,000Work in Process—Weaving 96,000 (b) Work in Process—Finished Goods 24,000Work in Process—Sewing 24,000(c) Cost of Goods Sold 132,000Work in Process—Finished Goods 132,000 (Sale of 2,000 units at $66 per unit).
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how did the sarbanes oxley act impact corporations financial reports
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) of 2002 imposed stricter regulations and requirements on corporations, aiming to improve financial reporting and transparency. It increased accountability, strengthened internal controls, and introduced stricter auditing standards to enhance the accuracy and reliability of corporations' financial reports.
Transparency refers to the degree to which information, actions, and processes are open, accessible, and visible to stakeholders. In the context of business and governance, transparency is crucial for building trust, accountability, and ethical behavior. Transparent practices ensure that information about an organization's financial performance, decision-making processes, and potential conflicts of interest are readily available to shareholders, investors, employees, and the public. This includes clear and comprehensive financial reporting, disclosure of relevant information, and open communication channels. Transparent organizations are better positioned to foster credibility, attract investment, mitigate risks, and maintain positive relationships with stakeholders, ultimately contributing to long-term sustainability and success.
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Renault said they are expanding its collaboration with US
chipmakers Qualcomm.
How does the principal-agent problem apply to the
Renault-Qualcomm partnership?
The principal-agent problem refers to a situation where the goals and interests of the principal (in this case, Renault) may not align perfectly with the goals and interests of the agent (Qualcomm) who is acting on behalf of the principal. This misalignment can lead to conflicts and challenges in the partnership. In the context of the Renault-Qualcomm collaboration, the principal-agent problem may apply in the following ways:
1. Information Asymmetry: Renault may not have complete knowledge or control over Qualcomm's actions and decisions, creating information asymmetry. Qualcomm, as the agent, may have access to information that Renault is not fully aware of, which can impact decision-making and lead to conflicts if the interests of both parties diverge.
2. Goal Divergence: Renault and Qualcomm may have different objectives and priorities. Renault's goal may be to enhance its vehicles' technology and performance, while Qualcomm may focus on maximizing its own profits or market share. These differing goals can create conflicts if the agent prioritizes its own interests over those of the principal.
3. Monitoring and Control: The principal-agent problem arises when the principal has limited control and monitoring capabilities over the agent's actions. Renault may face challenges in effectively overseeing Qualcomm's activities and ensuring that they align with Renault's expectations and objectives.
To mitigate the principal-agent problem, Renault can implement various strategies. These may include clearly defining roles and responsibilities, establishing performance metrics and incentives, maintaining open communication channels, and implementing mechanisms for monitoring and accountability. By actively managing the principal-agent relationship, Renault can strive to align the interests of both parties and minimize conflicts that may arise.
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How to manage a hotel in Hungary?
write done your marketing plan with budget
To manage a hotel in Hungary, you will need to implement a comprehensive marketing plan with a well-detailed budget. Below are the steps to follow to develop your marketing plan with a budget:1. Conduct Market Re-search T he first step is to conduct a market research to identify the demand for hotel services in Hungary.
By carrying out a market analysis, you will be able to determine the size of the market and segment your target customers. You should also assess your competitors and their marketing strategies to get an idea of what works in the industry.2. Define Your Hotel Brand The next step is to define your hotel brand by creating a unique selling proposition (USP). Your USP should reflect your target customers' needs and differentiate your hotel from the competition.3. Develop a Marketing Mix After defining your USP, you can develop a marketing mix that includes product, price, place, and promotion.
In terms of product, you should focus on providing quality services that meet your customer's needs. For pricing, you should be competitive and fair to attract and retain customers. Your hotel's location is also an essential element of your marketing mix. You can use the place element to target customers who require specific services. Finally, promotion is crucial in marketing your hotel, and you should use various channels such as social media, online platforms, billboards, and radio to reach your target customers.4. Set Marketing Goals and ObjectivesTo determine your marketing budget, you need to set your marketing goals and objectives. The goals should be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound. Objectives may include increasing bookings by 20% in the next six months or increasing your website's traffic by 50% in three months.5. Allocate Your Marketing BudgetAfter setting your goals and objectives, allocate your marketing budget according to the most effective marketing channels. For instance, if online marketing is the most effective, allocate more funds to online advertising. A well-prepared marketing plan will help you achieve your business goals and attract more customers.
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With a history of over 70 years of development and 16 manufacturing plants around the world, Tupperware has achieved the Guinness World Record for the greatest design of the 20th century with the Reddot Creative Design Award, Top Best Company in America, Top Admirable Company in the Id,...; famous for specialized products of food storage and preservation, are products from raw plastics, high-end, long-term use, repeated use. Tupperware has been officially present in Vietnam since 2016. Currently, Tupperware Vietnam has three main product lines: Tup product line specializing in water containers with diverse colors and sizes; Home service product line provides food storage solutions for kitchen shelves, freezers, and refrigerator compartments; Cooking class series provides food processing solutions with smart and environmentally friendly products.
Tupperware Vietnam has three main product lines that include Tup product line specializing in water containers with diverse colors and sizes, Home service product line provides food storage solutions for kitchen shelves, freezers, and refrigerator compartments, and Cooking class series provides food processing solutions with smart and environmentally friendly products.
Tupperware is a Top Admirable Company that has a history of over 70 years of development and has achieved the Guinness World Record for the greatest design of the 20th century. It has also won the Reddot Creative Design Award. It is famous for specialized products of food storage and preservation. Tupperware products are made from raw plastics and are high-end, long-term use, and repeated use.Tupperware has been officially present in Vietnam since 2016. Tupperware Vietnam has three main product lines: Tup product line specializing in water containers with diverse colors and sizes; Home service product line provides food storage solutions for kitchen shelves, freezers, and refrigerator compartments; Cooking class series provides food processing solutions with smart and environmentally friendly products.Tupperware has 16 manufacturing plants around the world and specializes in food storage and preservation products made of raw plastics that are high-end, long-term use, and repeated use. It is famous for specialized products of food storage and preservation.
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FBB Limited had sales in year O of $250,000 with cost of goods sold of $160,000 and depreciation
at $11,600. They have made projections for their sales for the next three years of $250,000,
$248,000 and $256,000. They believe their costs of goods sold will remain at the current level of
$160,000 p.a. with the same level of depreciation. The tax rate is 30% p.a, and is paid in the year of
income. The WACC for FBB's is 7%, tax is 30% and the long-run (assume perpetual) growth rate
after year three is 3%.
a) What are the cash flows for FBB's? b) What is the horizon value for FBB's? c) What is the value of FBB's?
a) The cash flows for FBB Limited can be calculated by subtracting the costs (including depreciation) and taxes from the sales revenue for each year. Assuming the tax is paid in the year of income, the cash flows are as follows:
Year O:
Sales: $250,000
Cost of Goods Sold: $160,000
Depreciation: $11,600
Taxable Income: $250,000 - $160,000 - $11,600 = $78,400
Tax: $78,400 * 30% = $23,520
Cash Flow: $250,000 - $160,000 - $11,600 - $23,520 = $54,880
Year 1:
Sales: $250,000
Cost of Goods Sold: $160,000
Depreciation: $11,600
Taxable Income: $250,000 - $160,000 - $11,600 = $78,400
Tax: $78,400 * 30% = $23,520
Cash Flow: $250,000 - $160,000 - $11,600 - $23,520 = $54,880
Year 2:
Sales: $248,000
Cost of Goods Sold: $160,000
Depreciation: $11,600
Taxable Income: $248,000 - $160,000 - $11,600 = $76,400
Tax: $76,400 * 30% = $22,920
Cash Flow: $248,000 - $160,000 - $11,600 - $22,920 = $53,480
Year 3:
Sales: $256,000
Cost of Goods Sold: $160,000
Depreciation: $11,600
Taxable Income: $256,000 - $160,000 - $11,600 = $84,400
Tax: $84,400 * 30% = $25,320
Cash Flow: $256,000 - $160,000 - $11,600 - $25,320 = $59,080
b) The horizon value for FBB Limited is calculated using the perpetuity formula, which considers the projected cash flow in the year after the last projected year and the long-run growth rate. In this case:
Horizon Value = (Cash Flow in Year 4) / (WACC - Growth Rate)
Assuming the cash flow in Year 4 is the same as Year 3 ($59,080), the calculation becomes:
Horizon Value = $59,080 / (7% - 3%) = $1,476,000
c) The value of FBB Limited can be calculated by discounting the cash flows and the horizon value back to their present value using the WACC. The value is the sum of the present values of the cash flows and the horizon value:Value = Present Value of Cash Flows + Present Value of Horizon Value
To calculate the present value, we divide the cash flows and horizon value by (1 + WACC)^n, where n is the number of years from the current year. Then we sum up these present values.
Value = [($54,880 / (1 + 7%)^0) + ($54,880 / (1 + 7%)^1) + ($53,480 / (1 + 7%)^2) + ($59,080 / (1 + 7%)^3)] + [$1,476,000 / (1 + 7%)^3]
After performing the calculations, the value of FBB Limited can be determined.
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Thornton Corporation incurs the following annual fixed costs: Item Depreciation Officers' salaries Long-term lease Property taxes Cost $ 61,000 180,000 95,000 10,000 Required Determine the total fixed cost per unit of production, assuming that Thornton produces 6,000, 6,500, or 7,000 units. (Round your answers to 2 decimal places.) 6,000 6,500 7,000 Units Produced Fixed cost per unit
The fixed cost per unit of production is $57.67 when 6,000 units are produced, $53.23 when 6,500 units are produced, and $49.43 when 7,000 units are produced.
Fixed costs refer to the type of costs that don't vary according to production levels. On the other hand, variable costs change with the production volume. Fixed costs for a company would be costs such as property rent, property taxes, and insurance that would remain constant over a production period.
Thornton Corporation Inc. incurs the following annual fixed costs:
Depreciation - $ 61,000
Officers' salaries - $ 180,000
Long-term lease - $ 95,000
Property taxes - $ 10,000
Fixed cost per unit can be calculated as the total fixed cost divided by the number of units produced.
To determine the total fixed cost per unit of production, assuming that Thornton produces 6,000, 6,500, or 7,000 units, we need to divide the total fixed cost by the respective number of units produced.
Total fixed cost = Depreciation + Officers' salaries + Long-term lease + Property taxes= $ 61,000 + $ 180,000 + $ 95,000 + $ 10,000= $ 346,000
Fixed cost per unit when 6,000 units are produced = Total fixed cost / Number of units produced= $ 346,000 / 6,000= $ 57.67
Fixed cost per unit when 6,500 units are produced = Total fixed cost / Number of units produced= $ 346,000 / 6,500= $ 53.23
Fixed cost per unit when 7,000 units are produced = Total fixed cost / Number of units produced= $ 346,000 / 7,000= $ 49.43
Thus, the fixed cost per unit of production is $57.67 when 6,000 units are produced, $53.23 when 6,500 units are produced, and $49.43 when 7,000 units are produced.
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Which of the following statements about the cash method of
accounting is false?
Under the cash method, annual taxable income equals annual net
cash inflow.
The revenue from a s
The false statement about the cash method of accounting is "Under the cash method, annual taxable income equals annual net cash inflow."
In the cash method of accounting, revenue is recognized when cash is received, and expenses are recognized when cash is paid. This means that the timing of cash inflows and outflows determines when revenue and expenses are recognized for tax purposes. However, it does not necessarily reflect the true profitability or financial performance of a business.
Under the cash method, taxable income is calculated by subtracting cash expenses from cash revenue. It does not consider non-cash items such as accounts receivable, accounts payable, or depreciation. As a result, the cash method may not accurately represent the financial position or performance of a business over a given period. Therefore, it is important to carefully consider the limitations and implications of using the cash method of accounting for tax purposes.
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Crane Company has the following information available for September 2020. Unit selling price of video game consoles $600 Unit variable costs $360 Total fixed costs $93,600 Units sold 600 (a) Compute the unit contribution margin. Unit contribution margin Prepare a CVP income statement that shows both total and per unit amounts. CRANE COMPANY CVP Income Statement Total $ $ $ $ Per Unit + (c) Compute Crane' break-even point in units. Break-even point in units eTextbook and Media units Prepare a CVP income statement for the break-even point that shows both total and per unit amounts. CRANE COMPANY CVP Income Statement Total Per Unit $ $ $ $
The unit contribution margin, Crane' break-even point in units will be 390 units.
(a) The unit contribution margin can be calculated as follows:
Unit Contribution Margin = Unit Selling Price - Unit Variable Costs
Unit Contribution Margin = $600 - $360 = $240
(b) CVP Income Statement:
```
CRANE COMPANY CVP Income Statement
----------------------------------------
Total Sales Revenue $360,000 (600 units * $600)
Total Variable Costs $216,000 (600 units * $360)
----------------------------------------
Contribution Margin $144,000
Total Fixed Costs $93,600
----------------------------------------
Net Income $ 50,400
========================================
```
Per Unit:
```
CRANE COMPANY CVP Income Statement (Per Unit)
----------------------------------------
Total Sales Revenue $600
Total Variable Costs $360
----------------------------------------
Contribution Margin $240
Total Fixed Costs $156
----------------------------------------
Net Income $ 84
========================================
```
(c) To compute the break-even point in units:
Break-even Point (in units) = Total Fixed Costs / Unit Contribution Margin
Break-even Point (in units) = $93,600 / $240 ≈ 390 units
(d) CVP Income Statement for Break-Even Point:
```
CRANE COMPANY CVP Income Statement (Break-Even Point)
----------------------------------------
Total Sales Revenue $234,000 (390 units * $600)
Total Variable Costs $140,400 (390 units * $360)
----------------------------------------
Contribution Margin $ 93,600
Total Fixed Costs $ 93,600
----------------------------------------
Net Income $ 0
========================================
```
Per Unit:
```
CRANE COMPANY CVP Income Statement (Per Unit, Break-Even Point)
----------------------------------------
Total Sales Revenue $600
Total Variable Costs $360
----------------------------------------
Contribution Margin $240
Total Fixed Costs $240
----------------------------------------
Net Income $ 0
========================================
```
Thus, the break-even point for Crane Company is approximately 390 units. At this point, the company's total contribution margin equals its total fixed costs, resulting in zero net income.
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What is the price of a bond with the following information? It is 1.5 years until expiration. The coupon rate is 6 percent and coupon payments are made once per year. The market rate of return is 8.6 percent. The bond has a face value of 1000 SEK (Answers are rounded to integers) a) 111 b) 994 c) 941 d) 920 e) 1075
The price of the bond is 897 SEK (rounded to the nearest integer).Option (c) 941 is the correct answer.
Given data:Time to maturity (n) = 1.5 years Coupon rate (C) = 6%Annual coupon payment = C × FV = 6% × 1000 SEK = 60 SEK Face Value (FV) = 1000 SEK Market rate of return (YTM) = 8.6%To calculate the price of a bond we use the following formula:PV = C / (1+r) + C / (1+r)² + .... + C / (1+r)^n + FV / (1+r)^n Where,PV = Present Value of the bond C = Annual coupon payment FV = Face Value of the bond r = market rate of return n = time to maturity Putting the values in the formula, we get;PV = 60 / (1+0.086) + 60 / (1+0.086)² + 60 / (1+0.086)³ + 1000 / (1+0.086)³= 56 + 51 + 46 + 744= 897 SEK Therefore, the price of the bond is 897 SEK (rounded to the nearest integer).Option (c) 941 is the correct answer.
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Option d) 920. Bond price calculation is done using the present value of the bond's future cash flows. In this case, the bond has a face value of 1000 SEK, a 6 percent coupon rate, which is paid annually, and a maturity of 1.5 years.
The market rate of return is 8.6 percent. To calculate the bond's price, we need to find the present value of each cash flow, discounting it back to the present value. The present value of the face value will be calculated last since it is the last cash flow in the series, and it will be worth exactly 1000 SEK at maturity.
To find the present value of the bond, we can use the following formula:
PV = (C / (1 + r)^1) + (C / (1 + r)^2) + ... + (C + FV / (1 + r)^n)
where PV is the present value of the bond, C is the annual coupon payment, FV is the face value of the bond, r is the market interest rate, and n is the number of years until maturity.
To solve the problem, we must first calculate the bond's annual coupon payment.
Coupon = Coupon rate × Face value
Coupon = 6% × 1000 SEK
Coupon = 60 SEK
The bond has a 1.5-year time to maturity, and the coupon payments are made annually. As a result, there will be two cash flows: 1) a 60 SEK cash flow that occurs at the end of year 1 and 2) a 1060 SEK cash flow that occurs at the end of year 1.5.
Present value of the cash flow at the end of year 1:
PV1 = 60 SEK / (1 + 8.6%)^1PV1 = 55.14 SEK
Present value of the cash flow at the end of year 1.5:
PV2 = (60 SEK + 1000 SEK) / (1 + 8.6%)^1.5PV2 = 864.47 SEK
Now we can find the bond's price by adding the present values of the two cash flows.
PV = 55.14 SEK + 864.47 SEK
PV = 919.61 SEK
We must round our answer to the nearest integer, giving us an answer of 920 SEK. Therefore, option d) 920 is the correct answer.
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